England

The British Museum opened in 1753 as the world’s first national public museum and has offered free entry ever since, making it one of the essential things to do in London. Located in the heart of London, it houses more than 8 million objects displayed across over 60 galleries that trace the story of human civilisation. Few places represent London history as vividly as this vast institution, where collections connect the city to cultures across the globe. Among the most famous exhibits are the Rosetta Stone, which unlocked Egyptian hieroglyphics, the Parthenon Marbles, the Lewis Chessmen, the Sutton Hoo treasure, and the extensive Egyptian mummy rooms. The Great Court, redesigned in 2000 with a sweeping glass roof by Norman Foster, forms Europe’s largest covered public square and stands as an architectural highlight in its own right. Visitors often spend at least half a day exploring, while dedicated museum lovers return for multiple visits. The museum attracts London people and international travellers alike, reinforcing the city’s global identity, symbolised by the Union Jack often mistaken as the London flag.

The Tower of London stands as a 936 year old Norman fortress on the north bank of the Thames and ranks among the most famous landmarks in London. Recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988, it remains one of the most visited paid attractions in the country and a cornerstone of London history. William the Conqueror began construction in 1066 with the imposing White Tower at its centre. Over the centuries, the complex has functioned as a royal residence, treasury, mint, armoury, prison, and the secure home of the Crown Jewels since 1303. Today, Yeoman Warders known as Beefeaters guard the site and lead engaging one hour tours included with admission, sharing dramatic tales of executions, daring escapes, and the legendary ravens whose presence, according to tradition, protects the kingdom. For visitors exploring things to do in London, this site demands at least three to four hours. The Tower also reflects the enduring identity of London people and the monarchy, with the Union Jack often mistaken by visitors as the London flag flying above its battlements.